Probably something along the lines of an Olympus OM1n plus a 24mm wide-angle lens would suit you well. Anything wider than that will blow your budget.

Panoramic shots, that is if you are taking about something that is wider than a standard 24x36mm format, takes you into very expensive territory. You would then be looking at something along the lines of a Hasselblad XPan or stitching photographs together in Photoshop or RealViz Stitcher software, which again will require a scanner and a good tripod with a panoramic head to allow you to use the nodal pint on your lens, (and in this case a lens slightly longer than a wide angle would be better). To print such photographs would also require an A4+ format printer (eg Epson R800) that takes roll paper - these alone are Ł200+.

You could of course do this using a digital camera instead, thereby missing out the scanning stage and using photoshop to convert to B&W.

For books Michael Langford's "Basic Photography" is pretty much considered the bible here although ther are other books aimed at more of a beginner's level. Take yourself into a good bookshop and spend the time to find one that you think best meets your requirements.

Best of luck, and welcome to the forum!